Federal · Title 28 — Judiciary and Judicial Procedure

28 U.S.C. § 1442: Federal officers or agencies sued or prosecuted

Civil

What this law says, in plain English

This statute governs removal of certain civil and criminal proceedings against federal officers and agencies from state court to federal court, and defines related terms and protections for law enforcement actions.

Read the full statutory text
The United States or any agency thereof or any officer (or any person acting under that officer) of the United States or of any agency thereof, in an official or individual capacity, for or relating to any act under color of such office or on account of any right, title or authority claimed under any Act of Congress for the apprehension or punishment of criminals or the collection of the revenue. A property holder whose title is derived from any such officer, where such action or prosecution affects the validity of any law of the United States. Any officer of the courts of the United States, for or relating to any act under color of office or in the performance of his duties; Any officer of either House of Congress, for or relating to any act in the discharge of his official duty under an order of such House. A personal action commenced in any State court by an alien against any citizen of a State who is, or at the time the alleged action accrued was, a civil officer of the United States and is a nonresident of such State, wherein jurisdiction is obtained by the State court by personal service of process, may be removed by the defendant to the district court of the United States for the district and division in which the defendant was served with process. protected an individual in the presence of the officer from a crime of violence; provided immediate assistance to an individual who suffered, or who was threatened with, bodily harm; or prevented the escape of any individual who the officer reasonably believed to have committed, or was about to commit, in the presence of the officer, a crime of violence that resulted in, or was likely to result in, death or serious bodily injury. The terms “civil action” and “criminal prosecution” include any proceeding (whether or not ancillary to another proceeding) to the extent that in such proceeding a judicial order, including a subpoena for testimony or documents, is sought or issued. If removal is sought for a proceeding described in the previous sentence, and there is no other basis for removal, only that proceeding may be removed to the district court. The term “crime of violence” has the meaning given that term in section 16 of title 18 . The term “law enforcement officer” means any employee described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of section 8401(17) of title 5 and any special agent in the Diplomatic Security Service of the Department of State. The term “serious bodily injury” has the meaning given that term in section 1365 of title 18 . The term “State” includes the District of Columbia, United States territories and insular possessions, and Indian country (as defined in section 1151 of title 18 ). The term “State court” includes the Superior Court of the District of Columbia, a court of a United States territory or insular possession, and a tribal court.

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This page is legal information, not legal advice. Code text is sourced from official publications and may lag amendments — always confirm at the official source linked above. Plain-English summaries and relationship data are AI-derived and reviewed on an ongoing basis; verify with a licensed attorney before acting.