Federal

Title 45 — Railroads

294 sections, each with the official text and a plain-English explanation of what it means for you.

• § 1 to 14 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 1001 — Congressional findings
• § 1002 — Definitions
• § 1003 — Service continuation
• § 1004 — Railroad hiring
• § 1005 — Employee protection agreement
• § 1006 — Repealed. Pub. L. 97–35, title XI, § 1144(b) , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 669
• § 1007 — Election
• § 1008 — Repealed. Pub. L. 97–468, title II, § 234(a) , Jan. 14, 1983 , 96 Stat. 2547
• § 1009 — Expedited proceedings
• § 101 to 125 — Repealed. May 20, 1926, ch. 347, § 14 , 44 Stat. 587
• § 1010 — Applicability of National Environmental Policy Act and section 6362(b) of title 42
• § 1011 — Authority of Railroad Retirement Board
• § 1012 — Publications and reports
• § 1013 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 1014 — New career training assistance
• § 1015 — Repealed. Pub. L. 104–88, title III, § 329(2) , Dec. 29, 1995 , 109 Stat. 952
• § 1016 — Temporary rail banking
• § 1017 — Temporary operating approval
• § 1018 — Judicial review
• § 1101 — Congressional findings and declarations
• § 1102 — Statement of purpose
• § 1103 — Goals and objectives
• § 1104 — Definitions
• § 1105 — Judicial review
• § 1106 — Exemption from transfer taxes and fees; recordation
• § 1107 — Repealed. Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, § 4033(c)(1)(C)(i)(I) , Oct. 21, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1908
• § 1108 — Concerted economic action
• § 1109 — Effectuation of cost reductions
• § 1110 — Repealed. Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, § 4033(c)(1)(C)(i)(II) , Oct. 21, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1908
• § 1111 — Repealed. Pub. L. 105–134, title IV, § 408 , Dec. 2, 1997 , 111 Stat. 2586
• § 1112 — Interstate Commerce Commission proceedings
• § 1113 — Intercity passenger service
• § 1114 — Repealed. Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, § 4033(c)(1)(C)(i)(III) , Oct. 21, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1908
• § 1115 — Redemption of stock
• § 1116 — Applicability of other laws
• § 1201 — Findings
• § 1202 — Definitions
• § 1203 — Transfer authorization
• § 1204 — Transition period
• § 1205 — Lands to be transferred
• § 1206 — Employees of Alaska Railroad
• § 1207 — State operation
• § 1208 — Future rights-of-way
• § 1209 — Repealed. Pub. L. 108–7, div. I, title III, § 345(5) , Feb. 20, 2003 , 117 Stat. 418
• § 1210 — Other disposition
• § 1211 — Denali National Park and Preserve lands
• § 1212 — Applicability of other laws
• § 1213 — Conflict with other laws
• § 1214 — Separability
• § 126 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 1301 — Findings
• § 1302 — Purposes
• § 1303 — Definitions
• § 131 to 146 — Repealed. May 20, 1926, ch. 347, § 14 , 44 Stat. 587
• § 1311 — Preparation for public offering
• § 1312 — Public offering
• § 1313 — Fees
• § 1321 — Rail service obligations
• § 1322 — Ownership limitations
• § 1323 — Board of Directors
• § 1324 — Certain enforcement relief
• § 1341 — Abolition of United States Railway Association
• § 1342 — Exemption from liability
• § 1343 — Charter amendment
• § 1344 — Status of Conrail after sale
• § 1345 — Effect on contracts
• § 1346 — Resolution of certain issues
• § 1347 — Tax treatment of Conrail public sale
• § 15 — Repealed. Pub. L. 97–449, § 7(b) , Jan. 12, 1983 , 96 Stat. 2444
• § 151 — Definitions; short title
• § 151a — General purposes
• § 152 — General duties
• § 153 — National Railroad Adjustment Board
• § 154 — National Mediation Board
• § 155 — Functions of Mediation Board
• § 156 — Procedure in changing rates of pay, rules, and working conditions
• § 157 — Arbitration
• § 158 — Agreement to arbitrate; form and contents; signatures and acknowledgment; revocation
• § 159 — Award and judgment thereon; effect of chapter on individual employee
• § 159a — Special procedure for commuter service
• § 16 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 160 — Emergency board
• § 160a — Rules and regulations
• § 161 — Effect of partial invalidity of chapter
• § 162 — Authorization of appropriations
• § 163 — Repeal of prior legislation; exception
• § 164 — Repealed. Oct. 10, 1940, ch. 851, § 4 , 54 Stat. 1111
• § 165 — Evaluation and audit of Mediation Board
• § 17 to 21 — Repealed. Pub. L. 97–468, title VII, § 705 , Jan. 14, 1983 , 96 Stat. 2580
• § 181 — Application of subchapter I to carriers by air
• § 182 — Duties, penalties, benefits, and privileges of subchapter I applicable
• § 183 — Disputes within jurisdiction of Mediation Board
• § 184 — System, group, or regional boards of adjustment
• § 185 — National Air Transport Adjustment Board
• § 186 — Omitted
• § 187 — Separability
• § 188 — Authorization of appropriations
• § 201 to 208 — Omitted
• § 209 — Repealed. Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 649
• § 210 to 214 — Omitted
• § 215 to 228 — Omitted
• § 22 to 43a — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 228a to 228c–1 — Omitted
• § 228d — Repealed. July 31, 1946, ch. 709, § 212 , 60 Stat. 729
• § 228e to 228z–1 — Omitted
• § 231 — Definitions
• § 231a — Annuity eligibility requirements
• § 231b — Computation of annuities
• § 231c — Computation of spouse and survivor annuities
• § 231d — Annuity beginning and ending dates
• § 231e — Lump sum payments
• § 231f — Railroad Retirement Board
• § 231f–1 — Annual actuarial report
• § 231g — Court jurisdiction
• § 231h — Returns of compensation; conclusiveness
• § 231i — Erroneous payments
• § 231j — Waiver of annuities
• § 231k — Incompetence
• § 231l — Penalties
• § 231m — Assignability; exemption from levy
• § 231n — Railroad Retirement Account
• § 231n–1 — Social Security Equivalent Benefit Account
• § 231o — Private pensions
• § 231p — Free transportation
• § 231q — Crediting service under Social Security Act
• § 231r — Automatic benefit eligibility requirement adjustments
• § 231s — Separability
• § 231t — Short title
• § 231u — Benefit preservation
• § 231v — Computation and certification of account benefit ratios
• § 241 to 253 — Repealed. June 29, 1937, ch. 405, § 11 , 50 Stat. 440
• § 261 to 273 — Omitted
• § 351 — Definitions
• § 352 — Benefits
• § 353 — Qualifying condition
• § 354 — Disqualifying conditions
• § 355 — Claims for benefits
• § 355a — Acceptance of claims for benefits
• § 356 — Returns of compensation; conclusiveness; failure to make
• § 357 — Free transportation
• § 358 — Contributions
• § 359 — Penalties
• § 360 — Railroad unemployment insurance account
• § 361 — Railroad unemployment insurance administration fund
• § 362 — Duties and powers of Board
• § 363 — Exclusiveness of provisions; transfers from State unemployment compensation accounts to railroad unemployment insurance account
• § 363a — Refunds of State unemployment contributions by employees; amount; application period; definitions
• § 364 — District of Columbia account, transfer of funds to railroad unemployment insurance account
• § 365 — Omitted
• § 366 — Separability
• § 366a — Effect of Internal Revenue Code
• § 367 — Short title
• § 368 — Repealed. Pub. L. 104–251, § 5(c) , Oct. 9, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3165
• § 369 — Annual report
• § 401 — Payment of compensation; eligibility; duration; maximum aggregate amount payable; duplication of benefits; application of railroad unemployment insurance provisions
• § 402 — Exchange of information between Secretary of Labor and Railroad Retirement Board
• § 403 — Appropriation to railroad unemployment insurance account; transfer and repayment of funds; interest
• § 404 — Temporary increase in employers’ contribution rate
• § 421 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 431 to 447 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 44 to 46 — Transferred
• § 501 to 502 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 51 — Liability of common carriers by railroad, in interstate or foreign commerce, for injuries to employees from negligence; employee defined
• § 52 — Carriers in Territories or other possessions of United States
• § 521, 522 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 53 — Contributory negligence; diminution of damages
• § 54 — Assumption of risks of employment
• § 541 to 548 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 54a — Certain Federal and State regulations deemed statutory authority
• § 55 — Contract, rule, regulation, or device exempting from liability; set-off
• § 56 — Actions; limitation; concurrent jurisdiction of courts
• § 561 to 563 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 564 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379 ; Pub. L. 103–429, § 8(6) , Oct. 31, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4390
• § 565, 566 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 57 — Who included in term “common carrier”
• § 58 — Duty or liability of common carriers and rights of employees under other acts not impaired
• § 581 to 591 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 59 — Survival of right of action of person injured
• § 60 — Penalty for suppression of voluntary information incident to accidents; separability
• § 601 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 602 — Repealed. Pub. L. 102–533, § 7(c) , Oct. 27, 1992 , 106 Stat. 3519
• § 61 to 64b — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 621, 622 — Repealed. Pub. L. 99–272, title IV, § 4007(c) , Apr. 7, 1986 , 100 Stat. 108
• § 641 — Repealed. Pub. L. 96–73, title I, § 111(b) , Sept. 29, 1979 , 93 Stat. 541
• § 642 to 644 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 645 — Repealed. Pub. L. 99–272, title IV, § 4007(b) , Apr. 7, 1986 , 100 Stat. 108
• § 646 to 650c — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 65, 66 — Repealed. Pub. L. 104–287, § 10(b) , Oct. 11, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3401
• § 650d, 650e — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–429, § 8(6) , Oct. 31, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4390
• § 651 to 658 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379
• § 661 — Definitions
• § 662 — Guarantee of certificates
• § 663 — Inspection of accounts, books, etc., of railroad receiving financial assistance
• § 664 — Issuance of obligations to Secretary of the Treasury
• § 665 — Utilization of services and facilities of Federal departments and agencies; reimbursement; consultation with Board; coordination of activities with Federal departments and agencies
• § 666 — Court supervision of expenditures; findings; report to Secretary
• § 667 — Audit by Comptroller General; report to Congress
• § 668 — Guarantee fees; amount; deposit
• § 669 — Repealed. Pub. L. 97–375, title I, § 111(e) , Dec. 21, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1821