Federal · Title 18 — Crimes and Criminal Procedure

18 U.S.C. § 984: Civil forfeiture of fungible property

Civil

What this law says, in plain English

This statute establishes procedures for civil forfeiture of fungible property, allowing the government to seize identical property replacing what was involved in an offense, with a one-year time limit for non-traceable property forfeitures.

Read the full statutory text
it shall not be necessary for the Government to identify the specific property involved in the offense that is the basis for the forfeiture; and it shall not be a defense that the property involved in such an offense has been removed and replaced by identical property. Except as provided in subsection (b), any identical property found in the same place or account as the property involved in the offense that is the basis for the forfeiture shall be subject to forfeiture under this section. No action pursuant to this section to forfeit property not traceable directly to the offense that is the basis for the forfeiture may be commenced more than 1 year from the date of the offense. Subsection (a) does not apply to an action against funds held by a financial institution in an interbank account unless the account holder knowingly engaged in the offense that is the basis for the forfeiture. the term “financial institution” includes a foreign bank (as defined in section 1(b)(7) of the International Banking Act of 1978 ( 12 U.S.C. 3101(b)(7) )); 1 and 1 See References in Text note below. the term “interbank account” means an account held by one financial institution at another financial institution primarily for the purpose of facilitating customer transactions. Nothing in this section may be construed to limit the ability of the Government to forfeit property under any provision of law if the property involved in the offense giving rise to the forfeiture or property traceable thereto is available for forfeiture.

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This page is legal information, not legal advice. Code text is sourced from official publications and may lag amendments — always confirm at the official source linked above. Plain-English summaries and relationship data are AI-derived and reviewed on an ongoing basis; verify with a licensed attorney before acting.