Federal

Title 12 — Banks and Banking

1,996 sections, each with the official text and a plain-English explanation of what it means for you.

• § 2221 — Transferred
• § 2222 to 2227 — Repealed. Pub. L. 100–399, title IV, § 409(d) , Aug. 17, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1003
• § 223 — Number of Federal reserve cities in district
• § 224 — Status of reserve cities under former statutes
• § 2241 — Farm Credit Administration
• § 2242 — Farm Credit Administration Board
• § 2243 — Powers of Board
• § 2244 — Chairman; responsibilities; governing standards
• § 2245 — Organization of Farm Credit Administration
• § 2246 — Advisory committees
• § 2247 — Repealed. Pub. L. 99–205, title II, § 201(2) , Dec. 23, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1690
• § 2248 — Seal of the Farm Credit Administration
• § 2249 — Administrative expenses
• § 225 — Federal reserve banks; title
• § 2250 — Farm Credit Administration operating expenses fund
• § 2251 — Quarters and facilities for the Farm Credit Administration
• § 2252 — Powers and duties
• § 2253 — Repealed. Pub. L. 115–334, title V, § 5411(30) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4682
• § 2254 — Examinations
• § 2255 — Conditions of other banks and lending institutions
• § 2256 — Consent to the availability of reports and to examinations
• § 2257 — Reports on conditions of institutions receiving loans or deposits
• § 2257a — Uniform financial reporting instructions
• § 2258 — Jurisdiction
• § 2259 — State legislation
• § 225a — Maintenance of long run growth of monetary and credit aggregates
• § 225b — Appearances before and reports to the Congress
• § 226 — “Federal Reserve Act”
• § 2260 — Transferred
• § 2261 — Cease and desist proceedings
• § 2262 — Temporary cease and desist orders
• § 2263 — Enforcement of temporary cease and desist orders
• § 2264 — Suspension or removal of director or officer
• § 2265 — Suspension or removal of director or officer charged with felony
• § 2265a — Removal and prohibition authority; industry-wide prohibition
• § 2266 — Hearings and judicial review
• § 2267 — Jurisdiction and enforcement
• § 2267a — Jurisdiction over institution-affiliated parties
• § 2268 — Penalty
• § 2269 — Further penalties
• § 227 — “Banking Act of 1933”
• § 2270 — Replacement of suspended or removed directors
• § 2271 — Definitions
• § 2272 — Notice of service
• § 2273 — Ancillary provisions; subpena power; etc.
• § 2274 — Power to remove directors and officers
• § 2275 — Repealed. Pub. L. 115–334, title V, § 5411(36) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4683
• § 2275a — Transition rules relating to amendment of certain FCA approval authorities
• § 2276 — Access to and examination by Comptroller General of books, documents, etc., of farm credit system banks and institutions
• § 2277a — Definitions
• § 2277a–1 — Establishment of Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation
• § 2277a–10 — Powers of Corporation with respect to troubled insured System banks
• § 2277a–10a — Oversight actions by Corporation
• § 2277a–10b — Authority to regulate golden parachute and indemnification payments
• § 2277a–10c — Corporation as conservator or receiver; certain other powers
• § 2277a–11 — Investment of funds
• § 2277a–12 — Exemption from taxation
• § 2277a–13 — Omitted
• § 2277a–14 — Prohibitions
• § 2277a–2 — Board of Directors
• § 2277a–3 — Commencement of insurance
• § 2277a–4 — Premiums
• § 2277a–5 — Certification of premiums
• § 2277a–6 — Overpayment and underpayment of premiums; remedies
• § 2277a–7 — General corporate powers
• § 2277a–8 — Conduct of corporate affairs; examination of System institutions
• § 2277a–9 — Insurance Fund
• § 2278a to 2278b–11 — Repealed. Pub. L. 115–334, title V, § 5411(39) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4683
• § 2279a — Power to merge
• § 2279a–1 — Board of directors
• § 2279a–2 — Powers of merged banks
• § 2279a–3 — Capitalization
• § 2279a–4 — Repealed. Pub. L. 100–399, title IV, § 408(d) , Aug. 17, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1001
• § 2279a–5 — Transferred
• § 2279aa — Definitions
• § 2279aa–1 — Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation
• § 2279aa–10 — Funding for guarantee; reserves of Corporation
• § 2279aa–11 — Supervision, examination, and report of condition
• § 2279aa–12 — Securities in credit enhanced pools
• § 2279aa–13 — Authority to issue obligations to cover guarantee losses of Corporation
• § 2279aa–14 — Federal jurisdiction
• § 2279aa–2 — Board of directors
• § 2279aa–3 — Powers and duties of Corporation and Board
• § 2279aa–4 — Stock issuance
• § 2279aa–5 — Certification of agricultural mortgage marketing facilities
• § 2279aa–6 — Guarantee of qualified loans
• § 2279aa–7 — Repealed. Pub. L. 104–105, title I, § 108(b) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 164
• § 2279aa–8 — Standards for qualified loans
• § 2279aa–9 — Exemption from restructuring and borrowers rights provisions for pooled loans
• § 2279b — Transfer of lending authority
• § 2279bb — Definitions
• § 2279bb–1 — Risk-based capital levels
• § 2279bb–2 — Minimum capital level
• § 2279bb–3 — Critical capital level
• § 2279bb–4 — Enforcement levels
• § 2279bb–5 — Mandatory actions applicable to level II
• § 2279bb–6 — Supervisory actions applicable to level III
• § 2279bb–7 — Repealed. Pub. L. 115–334, title V, § 5411(51) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4685
• § 2279c — Equalization of loan-making powers of certain district associations
• § 2279c–1 — Merger of associations
• § 2279c–2 — Reconsideration
• § 2279cc — Conservatorship; liquidation; receivership
• § 2279d — Termination of System institution status
• § 2279e — Approval of disclosure information and issuance of charters
• § 2279f — Merger of similar banks
• § 2279f–1 — Merger of similar associations
• § 2279g — Transactions to accomplish mergers exempt from certain State taxes
• § 228 — “Banking Act of 1935”
• § 2281 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose
• § 2282 — Definitions
• § 2283 — Creation of Federal Financing Bank
• § 2284 — Board of Directors
• § 2285 — Functions
• § 2285a — Acquisition of obligations involving loan guarantees for New York City
• § 2286 — Approval of financing plans by Secretary of the Treasury
• § 2287 — Initial capital
• § 2288 — Bank obligations
• § 2289 — General powers
• § 2290 — Exemptions
• § 2291 — Preparation of obligations
• § 2292 — Annual report to the President and Congress
• § 2293 — Budget and audit provisions of Government corporation control law applicable
• § 2294 — Payments on behalf of public bodies
• § 2294a — Contracts for periodic payments to offset costs of purchase of obligations of local public housing agencies
• § 2295 — Authority or responsibility under other provisions of law not to be affected or impaired
• § 2296 — Increase not authorized in amounts of obligations issued, sold, or guaranteed by Federal agencies
• § 23 — Acknowledgment and filing of certificate
• § 24 — Corporate powers of associations
• § 2401 — Establishment of Commission
• § 2402 — Membership of Commission
• § 2403 — Functions of Commission
• § 2404 — Powers of Commission
• § 2405 — Executive Director and additional staff personnel; appointment and compensation; experts and consultants; employment and compensation; audits by Comptroller General
• § 2406 — Compensation of members of Commission
• § 2407 — Cooperation and assistance of other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities
• § 2408 — Authorization of appropriations
• § 241 — Creation; membership; compensation and expenses
• § 242 — Ineligibility to hold office in member banks; qualifications and terms of office of members; chairman and vice chairman; oath of office
• § 243 — Assessments upon Federal reserve banks to pay expenses
• § 244 — Principal offices of Board; chairman of Board; obligations and expenses; qualifications of members; vacancies
• § 245 — Vacancies during recess of Senate
• § 246 — Powers of Secretary of the Treasury as affected by chapter
• § 247 — Reports to Congress
• § 247a — Records of action on policy relating to open-market operation and policies determined generally; inclusion in report to Congress
• § 247b — Appearances before Congress
• § 248 — Enumerated powers
• § 248–1 — Rules and regulations for transfer of funds and charges therefor among banks; clearing houses
• § 248a — Pricing of services
• § 248b — Annual independent audits of Federal reserve banks and Board
• § 248c — Master account and services database
• § 249 — Repealed. Pub. L. 94–412, title V, § 501(c) , Sept. 14, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1258
• § 24a — Financial subsidiaries of national banks
• § 25 — Omitted
• § 250 — Independence of financial regulatory agencies
• § 2501 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose
• § 2502 — Definitions
• § 2503 — State entitlement to escheat or custody
• § 251 — Repealed. Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2224(a) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–415
• § 252 — Credit availability assessment
• § 253 — Open data publication by the Board of Governors
• § 25a — Participation by national banks in lotteries and related activities
• § 25b — State law preemption standards for national banks and subsidiaries clarified
• § 26 — Comptroller to determine if association can commence business
• § 2601 — Congressional findings and purpose
• § 2602 — Definitions
• § 2603 — Uniform settlement statement
• § 2604 — Home buying information booklets
• § 2605 — Servicing of mortgage loans and administration of escrow accounts
• § 2606 — Exempted transactions
• § 2607 — Prohibition against kickbacks and unearned fees
• § 2608 — Title companies; liability of seller
• § 2609 — Limitation on requirement of advance deposits in escrow accounts
• § 261 — Creation; membership; compensation; meetings; officers; procedure; quorum; vacancies
• § 2610 — Prohibition of fees for preparation of truth-in-lending, uniform settlement, and escrow account statements
• § 2611 to 2613 — Repealed. Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2103(h) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–401
• § 2614 — Jurisdiction of courts; limitations
• § 2615 — Contracts and liens; validity
• § 2616 — State laws unaffected; inconsistent Federal and State provisions
• § 2617 — Authority of Bureau
• § 262 — Powers
• § 263 — Federal Open Market Committee; creation; membership; regulations governing open-market transactions
• § 264 — Transferred
• § 265 — Insured banks as depositaries of public money; duties; security; discrimination between banks prohibited; repeal of inconsistent laws
• § 266 — State-chartered banks and other institutions as depositaries of public money; fiscal agents; duties
• § 27 — Certificate of authority to commence banking
• § 2701 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose
• § 2702 — Mortgages eligible for assistance
• § 2703 — Manner of assistance and repayment
• § 2704 — Insurance for emergency mortgage loans and advances
• § 2705 — Emergency mortgage relief payments
• § 2706 — Emergency Homeowners’ Relief Fund
• § 2707 — Authority of Secretary
• § 2708 — Expiration date
• § 2709, 2710 — Repealed. Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, § 1496(b)(7) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2209
• § 2711 — Nonapplicability of other laws
• § 2712 — Repealed. Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, § 1496(b)(7) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2209
• § 28 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–325, title VI, § 602(e)(1) , Sept. 23, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2291
• § 2801 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose
• § 2802 — Definitions
• § 2803 — Maintenance of records and public disclosure